Air Pollution: Serious Public Health problem in NY

Around metropolitan areas, the blood line pollution problem rear end be particularly severe. City's a lot have many sources of contamination. Different types of ship pollution whitethorn derive from either industrial or residential sources. In addition, motor vehicles account for at least half of the impurities added to the crease. much(prenominal) pollution generally grows in direct proportion to the size of a given city. Typically, the rate of contaminant production begins to get the best the atmosphere's natural dissipating forces more and more frequently (Dansereau 131-139). Relatively heavy people really only pay at xtion to air pollution either during or immediately after a severe pollution episode. Thus, atmospheric contamination is a low-visibility prevalent health problem. Nonetheless, various scientific investigations indicate that such pollution can have a significant low-level, long-range nub on urban populations (Schachter 87-91). Researchers have estimated, for example, that Americans spend more than ten billion dollars a year on medical problems which are caused by outdoor pollutants (Grove, Spiegel, & Bond 503-536). Some of these costs can be attributed to past air pollution problems. Prior to 1975, for example, automobiles did not

In contrast, less successful air pollution control measures have typically involved legion(predicate) pollution sources. For example, during the past collar-quarters of a century or so, untested York City has had a law restricting the emission of smoke. However, disrespect an extensive enforcement effort, the smoke control laws--as well as opposite emission mandates--have been unable to control the air pollution. It seems fairly frank that the failure of such laws results from the nature of the targeted violation: there are just so many pollution sources that they are unsufferable to control in a systematic manner (Schachter 87-91).

dapple 1988 was certainly an important year for environmental reform in in the altogether York City, many significant developments also occurred in 1990.

For example, the advance necessary that large and medium-sized gasoline post in the New York City area install hydrocarbon-recovering rubber pump-nozzle sleeves; service stations were also required to use chlorofluorocarbon recovery equipment patch recharging automobile air-conditioners. In addition, regulations were imposed requiring that cars sold after 1993 fill tougher emissions standards. Furthermore, during the warmer months, gas stations throughout the state were required to sell a less evaporative form of fuel. During that same year, however, both state and city officials asserted that without more economic aid from Federal government, there was just so much that they could do (Gold A1, B4).

Henry, J. "Ruling Allows N.Y. to Adopt California-Style Emission Rules." Automotive word of honor (26 July 1993): 8.

Pendick, D. " blurred Summer Days Boost Respiratory Ailments." Science News 143 (23 January 1993): 52.

The EPA's standard for ozone involves a submersion level of 0.12 parts ozone per jillion parts air. In 1988, a community's air was considered acceptable if that concentration was not exceeded more than four times in three years (Uhlig B1, B4). Like carbon monoxide, the pathophysiologic ef
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