For at least ten thousand years, the Nile vale has been the site of one of the most influential civilizations in the world. stock-still today, its architectural monuments, which include Great Pyramid and the Great Sphinx, atomic number 18 the largest and most famous buildings in the world.
Characteristics
Due to the lack of wood, the cardinal predominant building materials used in ancient Egypt were unbaked hold fast stuck brick and stone. From the Old Kingdom , stone was gener anyy reserved for and temples, go bricks were used even for royal palaces, fortresses, the walls of temple precincts and towns, and for subsidiary buildings in temple complexes.
Therefore, our impression of ancient Egyptian computer architecture is base mainly on its religious monuments, massive structures characterized by thick, sloped walls with few openings. Although the use of the arch was developed during the fourth dynasty, all monumental buildings are supported by the external walls and the nearly spaced columns.
The exterior walls, as well as the columns, were cover with hieroglyphic and pictorial carvings in brilliant colors. Many motifs of Egyptian ornament are symbolic, such as the scarab, or pious beetle, the solar disk, and the vulture. Other common motifs include palm leaves, the papyrus plant, and the buds and flowers of the lotus.
Influence upon European architecture
Egyptian architecture had a stiff influence on Graeco-Roman design.
Later, Ancient Egyptian architecture has had influence upon the architecture and art of medieval Europe, notably in the early 17th century, when Renaissance designers brought elements of Egyptian art into the medallion of castles and other fine buildings. Examples of this phenomenon are found at Glamis stronghold and Muchalls Castle in Scotland, where caryatid figures are incorporated into the overmantle plasterwork. These plasterwork interiors are considered the two finest in Scotland.
Byzantine architecture
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