The developments of modern medicine keep back undoubtedly had a great positive impact planetary the
development in the last century of antibiotics, transplant operating theatre and many other life-saving advances
have transformed the way we live. notwithstanding there be ever more(prenominal) challenges for the medicinal chemist. As
norm life expectancies improve, diseases such as cancer become more common. As bacteria
become immune to antibiotics, new ones must be developed. And there is the challenge of new
diseases such as HIV/ assist and bird flu that spread worldwide.
This chapter looks at two of the ways in which chemists are trying to combat disease. Firstly much
chemical research is directed at developing and synthesising new drugs to propose specific diseases.
One way of doing this is to start from natural products molecules that are synthesised by plants and
other organisms - that have been shown to have beneficial effects, for example, the drug Taxol®,
found in yew tree leaves. Taxol® has been found to be in effect(p) against some cancers. As only small
amounts of the Taxol® can be extracted from yew, chemists nigh the world have established the
structure of Taxol® and have sought, and successfully found, synthetic pathways to produce the drug
in quantity.
Secondly, chemists are investigating direction of getting drugs to the specific part of the body where
they need to act. much(prenominal) methods can reduce side effects and the quantities of drugs needed. Two of
these methods leave be studied. One involves liposomes, where, in effect, the drug is delivered in a
grip to the diseased body site.
Can chemists make artificial silk?
not as yet, but they are getting closer! A good deal of interest has been directed at silk because it is
fantastically strong. Silk is a natural polymer containing amino acids. It is a condensation polymer. You
lead revisit both addition and condensation polymerisation and demote how chemists have made use
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