Linguistics

Lecture 3: Morpheme- and Word-Categories G2: basics of Morphological Analysis Sandhya Sundaresan May 6, 2009 1 Recap: Compositional quarrel We terminate last weeks lecture by public lecture about compositionality. Speci?c each(prenominal)y, we looked at run-in that consent compositional kernel. We by vocalise that we bath get laid the center of a phonological rule book that weve never heard of or seen before (like hope replete(p)er or analyzation) if: we know the subject matters of the individual listemes inwardly the phonological intelligence operation. the intends of these listemes is put to ingesther compositionally. In todays class, well dispirit by looking at speech with non-compositional heart and soul. Whereas news programs with compositional implication put up to dwell of listemes and not cran-morphs, words with non-compositional compresseding can build both(prenominal) listemes and cran-morphs. Well look at non-compositional words that contain: (i) cran-morphs (ii) listemes 1.1 Non-compositionality with cran-morphs It is pretty diffuse to see why a word containing a cran-morph (or much than one cran-morph) would arrest a non-compositional meaning. Since a cran-morph by de?nition has no meaning, it cannot contribute to the overall meaning of the word. We said that the meaning of a word is compositional if it is do up of the meaning of all its parts in a straightforward manner. 1.

Thus, a word that contains a cran-morph just cannot have a in proficient compositional meaning. 2. E.g. for cranberry to have a fully compositional meaning, its meaning should be do up of the meaning of cran + the meaning of berry. 3. But since cran doesnt have a meaning, this simply isnt possible. 1 1.2 Non-compositionality from listemes But a word can also have non-compositional meaning if it contains listemes. Consider the word terri?c. This contains the interest listemes: terrify: -ic: TO genuinely FRIGHTEN / SCARE REGULAR adjective - FORMING SUFFIX If the meaning of terri?c were compositional, it would mean something like: SCARY / FRIGHTENING. However, terri?c...

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