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Smoking boundary Research Articles and Resources I. Research Articles Does sens decrement increase incoming finale and decrease disease endangerment? A qualitative review John R. Hughes, Matthew J. Carpenter Received 29 dread 2005; accepted 15 November 2005 This review adjudicates whether step-down in consume among smokers not currently interested in quitting (a) undermines or promotes future day smoking effect or (b) decreases the chances of ontogeny smoking-related diseases. Systematic computer searches and other methods located 19 studies examining diminution and subsequent cessation and 10 studies examining lessening and disease risk. Because of the heterogeneousness of methods and results, a meta outline could not be undertaken. None of 19 studies found that reduction undermined future cessation, and 16 found that reduction was associated with greater future cessation, including the two randomized trials of reduction versus non -reduction. The 10 trials of disease risk found conflicting results, and none was an decent test. We conclude that (a) smoking reduction increases the probability of future cessation and (b) whether smoking reduction decreases the risks of smoking-related diseases has not been adequately tested.

Treatment of baccy use and dependence The sunrise(prenominal) England diary of Medicine. Vol. 346, No. 7 February 14, 2002 This Journal feature begins with a case vignette highlighting a common clinical problem. Evidence supporting various strategies is indeed presented, followed by a review of formal guidelines, when they exist. The article ends with the formers clinical recommenda tions. Telephone Counseling for Populat! ion-based Smoking Cessation Patricia M. Smith, PhD; Roy Cameron, PhD; Paul W. McDonald, PhD Beth Kawash, multiple sclerosis; Cheryl Madill, MSc; K. Steven Brown, PhD Health Behavior. 2004;28(3):231-241 Objectives: To examine the options for use, efficiency, and effectiveness for structuring a population-based...If you want to bilk a replete(p) essay, order it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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