by OHE Consulting for The European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations (EFPIA)
eighteenth February 2005
Submitted by: OHE Consulting Office of Health Economics 12 Whitehall capital of the United Kingdom SW1A 2DY UK
For further information please contact: Adrian Towse Director Tel: +44 (0) 20 7747 1407 atowse@ohe.org
The Many Faces of Innovation February 2005
CONTENTS
1. Background and terms of annexe ......................................................................................3 2. Characterising innovation in general ....................................................................................5 2.1 Drivers of innovation .......................................................................................................5 2.1.1 Market forces and demand........................................................................................6 2.1.2 institutional incentives and hurdles ..........................................................................6 2.1.3 Scientific knowledge.................................................................................................7 2.2 Innovation is an uncertain activity...................................................................................7 2.
3 Innovation is a cumulative activity small steps are Copernican too................................8 3. Characterising innovation in pharmaceuticals ....................................................................10 4. Innovation in pharmaceuticals: some particular(prenominal) examples ....................................................14 4.1 Examples of older medicines .........................................................................................14 4.2 More recent examples ....................................................................................................16 5. Value of having follow-on products ...................................................................................26 6....If you want to astonish a full essay, order it on our website: Orderessay
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